CHEM 151 Acid Base Review

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The purpose of this first topic is to review material from your earlier study of acid based chemistry (in CHEM 151 if you took your first semester general chemistry course at LCC).  The Review Objectives (think of them as a list of things you should have to do to be successful) are listed first, and the homework questions are below the objectives.  The homework questions for each section of this assignment are listed below a link to the OpenStax textbook that may help you with the homework questions.

This is an 8 point assignment.

Review Objectives from CHEM 151:

After having reviewed, students should be able to:

1. Write the equation for an acid/base reaction (either ionization or neutralization) identifying the Brønsted – Lowry acids or bases present.
2. Given an acid or base, write the conjugate base or acid.
3. Explain the relationship between the strength of an acid and the strength of its conjugate base.
4. Recognize the common strong acids“:  HCl(aq), HBr(aq), HI(aq), HNO₃, H ₂SO₄, HClO₃, and HClO₄.
5. Recognize the common strong bases:  Group IA metal hydroxides, Ca(OH)₂ and Ba(OH)₂.
6. Calculate [H⁺], pH,  [OH^–], and/or pOH given the value of any one of the variables or the concentration of a strong acid or base.
7. Calculate all equilibrium concentrations and pH or pOH in a solution of a weak acid or base given the K_a or K_b
8. Calculate the K_a/K_b for a weak acid/base given the pH of a solution of known concentration.
9. Calculate percent ionization of an acid or base from initial concentrations and K_a or K_b values or vice-versa.
10. Interconvert between the K_a of an acid and the K_b of its conjugate base.
11. Write the balanced chemical equations for hydrolysis of a salt then predict whether the salt solution will be acidic, basic or neutral.
12. Calculate the pH of salt solutions.

Reading and Homework Exercises

Table of Contents from: OpenStax Chemistry 2e: Section 4.2 – Classifying Chemical Reactions and Chapter 14 – Acid-Base Equilibria

In this assignment, if you are asked to give an answer requiring scientific notation on a homework problem, enter it as follows:

Enter 2.45 X 10^-5 M as 2.45E-5 M

 

4.2 Classifying Chemical Reactions(read acid-base section only)

14.1 Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

Section 4.2 and 14.1 Practice.  These questions will give you practice in writing or predicting products (including charges) of acid-base reactions and understanding and identifying conjugate acids and bases.

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14.2 pH and pOH

Section 14.2 Practice – These questions will give you practice in mathematical conversions between pH, pOH, [H⁺], and [OH^–].  It also gives you practice in using pH to determine relative acidity and basicity of aqueous solutions.

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14.3 Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases

Section 14.3 Practice (It may help to skim section 14.5 Polyprotic Acids as well).

Questions 3a-3d test your knowledge of identifying strong acids, strong bases, weak acids, and weak bases by chemical formula.

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Questions 3e-3f require you to use Ka and Kb values from the tables and the relationship KaKb=Kw to determine relative strength of acids and bases.

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Questions 3g-3i test your knowledge and understanding of Ka and Kb expressions based on chemical formula.

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Questions 3j-3m require you to calculate Ka or Kb, pH or pOH, or percent ionization values for weak acid or weak base solutions given necessary data.

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14.4 Hydrolysis of Salts

Section 14.4 Practice

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