Liquids and Solids

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This is a 10 point assignment

Objectives: After completing this unit, students should be able to:

1. Explain the origin of the various types of intermolecular forces and indicate the kinds of intermolecular forces expected for a substance given its molecular structure.
2. Distinguish between intermolecular and intramolecular forces.
3. Explain the terms viscosity, surface tension, capillary action, meniscus, adhesion, and cohesion.
4. List the different phase changes and identify them as endothermic or exothermic.
5. Solve problems involving enthalpies of fusion and vaporization.
6. Describe how the vapor pressure of a substance is affected by temperature and intermolecular forces of attraction.
7. Understand the factors that influence the rate of evaporation and the relationship between boiling and evaporation.
8. Define boiling point and normal boiling point and know the effect of pressure, intermolecular forces, and molar mass on each.
9. Given the critical temperature and pressure of a substance, describe the conditions necessary to convert it from a gas to a liquid.
10. Use a phase diagram to determine the physical state of a substance.
11. Distinguish between crystalline and amorphous solids and give an example of each.
12. Define unit cell and describe the number of atoms and their location in a simple cubic (primitive cubic), body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic unit cell.

Reading and Homework Exercises

Table of Contents from: OpenStax Chemistry 2e: Chapter 10

Objective 1 and 2 Practice – Questions 1-9 test your understanding of intermolecular forces

You might find the following reading in OpenStax helpful:

Introduction

10.1 Intermolecular Forces

Question 1:

Question 2:

Question 3:

Question 4:

Question 5:

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Question 9:

Objective 3 Practice – Questions 10 and 11 test your understanding of concepts of some of the properties of liquids

You might find the following reading in OpenStax helpful:

10.2 Properties of Liquids

Question 10:

Question 11:

Objective 4-8 Practice – Questions 12-17 test your understanding of phase changes and the energies associated with them and the concept of vapor pressure and its relationship to temperature.

You might find the following reading in OpenStax helpful:

10.3 Phase Transitions

Question 12:

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Question 17:

Objective 9 and 10 Practice – Questions 18-20 test your understanding of phase changes and the energies associated with them and the concept of vapor pressure and its relationship to temperature.

You might find the following reading in OpenStax helpful:

10.4 Phase Diagrams

Question 18:

Question 19:

Question 20:

Objective 11 and 12 Practice – Questions 21 and 22 test your understanding of crystalline solids, amorphous solids, crystal lattices and unit cells

You might find the following reading in OpenStax helpful:

10.5 The Solid State of Matter

10.6 Lattice Structures in Crystalline Solids

Question 21:

Question 22: